|
|
谢绝软件翻译
Countries are increasingly turning to E-Government——the use of information technologies(IT) such as wide area networks and the Interact---- to improve the delivery of information and basic services to citizens and businesses. They are realizing that E—Government can lower business costs and stimulate private investment.
Some of the areas in which governments are applying information technology, such as business registration and license application,inspection clearance,customs modernization,tax administration,(e.g.electronic filing),and procurement of goods and services.
E-Government has led to siginificant savings in terms of the time and cost required to cinduct daily transactions . By introduing transparency and accountability, it has also increased trust in government. For civil servants , however, E-Government offers a mixed bag:changes in management and leadship and retraining requirement.
Although E-Government has been around since the 1990s, many developing countries have not fully reaped its benefits because they lack the key conditions for it to thrive:healthy polltical and regulatory environments,well—developed IT infrastructure,and a large pool of Internet users. Skeptics believe that E-Government is not an appropriate tool for low—income countries with Iimited technicaI capability. But some developing countries,such as Guatemala,have successfully implemented E—Government in certain areas,despite this shortcoming.
The hard truth is that no company enters a government office to pitch an accountability tool. In the United States a survey by the Center of Excellence in Government found that most citizens wanted E—Government to deliver accountability. That surprised everyone except the citizens In developed democracies where transparency and accountability is often assumed,so little has been done to significantly open up government in ways that would really expose wasteful spending or promote real accountability.
Without democratic intent and political desire to use E—government tools to enhance democracy and public trust in Government via transparency,government as a whole will not benefit. Poland stands out as a model with its Freedom of Information Act which embedded the energetic use of the Internet into their rule of law with online information dissemination of, not just access to,local Government budget information. Within government,Prime Minister to Mayors and Local Councils to Parliaments will gain the most from a more accountable and transparent administrative branch.
Given the appropriate context,all sectors of government would benefit in terms of transparency from the implementation of E-Government tools. Transparency allows making better decisions by breaking up the narrow circles that apply themselves to the task of policy making and,in case of failure, as a rule, make the wrong choice:instead of broadening the circle involved in decision-making, they increase the level of secrecy,a breeding ground for more failures.
[ 本帖最后由 稀里糊涂 于 2008-6-3 00:14 编辑 ] |
|